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Codeine is an opioid medication used to treat mild to moderate pain and as a cough suppressant. It is often combined with other medications like acetaminophen or aspirin for enhanced pain relief.

Codeine works by binding to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord, which helps block pain signals and reduce the body's pain response. It also acts as a central cough suppressant, reducing the urge to cough.

Pain relief for mild to moderate pain

Cough suppression in combination with other medications

Often combined with acetaminophen or aspirin for enhanced pain relief

Codeine is metabolized in the liver to produce morphine, which binds to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord. This blocks pain signals and reduces pain perception. It also works by reducing the coughing reflex in the brainstem.

Available in tablet, syrup, and combination forms

Common strengths: 15 mg, 30 mg, 60 mg (in combination with acetaminophen or other pain relievers)

Dosage varies depending on the severity of pain or condition treated

Drowsiness or sedation

Nausea and vomiting

Constipation

Dizziness or lightheadedness

Respiratory depression (slowed breathing, especially in higher doses)

Codeine is a Schedule II or III controlled substance (depending on the formulation) due to its potential for abuse and dependence

Misuse can lead to overdose or death, especially when combined with alcohol or other CNS depressants

Should be used only under medical supervision

Do not exceed prescribed dosage to avoid serious side effects

Codeine is an effective pain reliever and cough suppressant when used as prescribed. While effective for short-term use, it must be used carefully due to its addictive potential and risk of overdose.